Weaving



4 Sheets-Sheet S.

Patented Dec. 22, 1896.

W.v SIMPSON.

(No Model.)

SELVAGE PRODUCING DEVIQE FOR LOOMSa No. 573,715.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. SIMPSON. SELVAGE PRODUCING DEVICE FOR LOOMS.

No. 573,715. Patented Dec. 22, 1896.

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SELVAGE PRODUCING DEVICE FOR LOOM-S.

No. 573,715. Patented Dec. 22, 1896.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lVILLIAM SIMPSON, OF SALFORD, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE DUPLEX IVEAVING APPLIANCE COMPANY, LIMITED, OF MANCHESTER, ENG- IJIXND SELVAGE-PRODUCING DEVICE FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 573,715, dated December 22, 1896.

Application filed December 27,1894, Serial No. 533,114.

To all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM SIMPSON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and r Ireland, and a resident of 64 Edward Street,

Lower Brought-on, Salford, county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain Improvements in Selva-ge-Producing Devices for Looms in which Two or More Pieces are lVov'en Side by Side, (for which I have obtained a British patent, No. 8,056, dated May 2-3, 1890,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the formation of the inner selvages when two or more pieces of cloth are woven parallel to each other in a single loom. p

I so arrange the warp-threads in the reed as to leave a suitable space or interval between the sets of warp-threads which are destined to form, for example, two distinct pieces. When a pick has been made, the weftthread last put in will cross the said interval and connect the two sets of warpthreads, and if it were simply cut, either during the operation of weaving or subsequently, raw imperfect edges would be left at the inner adjacent selvages of the two pieces of cloth. To obviate this defect, I cut the weft-thread where it crosses the interval between the two sets of warp-threads during the process of weaving and then double or fold the out ends backward in among and at right angles to the warp-threads which form the two pieces, so that the out ends become incorporated into the cloth when the warpthreads are caused to cross each other by the treading of the warp. I prefer to fold the cut ends back after the warp-threads have j crossed and secured the weft-thread of which (llo model.) Patented in England May 23, 1890, No. 8,056.

doubling or turning the cut ends of the weft back again into the sheds formed by the crossing of the warp -threads of the two pieces. The gripping devices are so operated that after the loose ends of the weft have been thus doub ed back they leave the said ends in the sheds and return to receive the next thread. Means are provided for actuating the cutting appliance and the gripping devices preferably from the slay-cap.

In order that my said invention may be more fully understood, I will proceed to de scribe the same in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in all the figures of which the same letters refer to the same parts.

Figure l is a diagrammatic plan showing the nature of the effect produced by the machine. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the machine. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the front end of the claws when presenting weft to the grippers. Figs. 4 and 5 are front elevations showing the extreme positions assumed by the grippers. Fig. 6 is a plan showing the grippers after divergence. Fig. 7 is a plan showing the helical grooves for sliding the grippers while rotating. Fig. 8 is a plan showing alternative means for operating the grippers. Fig. 9 is an elevation of the parts shown in Fig? 8. Fig. lOis an elevation of the grippers shown in Fig. 9 when open. Fig. 11 is an elevation showing how the machine is connected to the slay of the loom. Fig. 12 is a detail elevation of the dog-leg bolt and attachmen ts for raising and lowering the claws. Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 12. Figs. 14 and 15 are enlarged sectional elevations of the grippers and their sheaths when open and closed, respectively. Fig. 16 is a sectional view of Fig. 15 at right angles thereto. Figs. 17 to 21 are detail views of the cutting devices and mechanism for operating the same.

Fig. 1 is a diagram representing the kind of inner selvages to which my said invention relates.

A A representwarp-threads running from the reed to the cloth-beam in the direction indicated by the arrows, and B 13 represent weft-threads.

C is the interval between the two sets of warp-threads. The last weft-thread is shown as having been severed and the cut ends 13 B as having been doubled back in among and nearly at right angles to the warp-threads. The next beat of the reed will bring these threads close up to the threads B B, and the out ends B B will be parallel thereto. In this manner two adjacent selvages, as shown in the bottom part of Fig. 1, will be formed.

The arrangement of mechanism I prefer to employ in producing such selvages is shown in a side elevation in Fig. 2, in which a: y represent the level of thecloth which passes 011 either side of the apparatus on its way to the cloth-beam. a is one of the gripping devices, (of which there are two.) I) is a pair of scissors. c is a temple of the ordinary roller pattern. One such temple is provided for each selvage. d is one of a pair of claws which work parallel to each other. Their function is to seize the weft-thread last left ,by the shuttle and to present it to the gripping and cutting devices, as shown in Fig. 3.

The gripping devices, hereinafter referred to as grippers, are shown to an enlarged scale in Figs. 14 and 15. Each gripper con sists of a piece of spring-steel a, bent in such a manner that its tendency when unrestrained is to gape, as shown in Fig. 14. It is mounted 'in a sheath a, the interior of the fore part of which is conical. \Vhen drawn back into the sheath, as shown in Fig. 15, the sheath itself causes the grippers to close. A pin a passing through the sheath and between the two halves of the gripper, prevents the latter turning in the sheath. A spiral spring (L12 is provided inside the sheath. It bears at one end on the fixed pin a and at the other on a cap ai'secured to the gripper, thus continually tending to pull the gripper into the sheath. hen pressure is brought to bear on the rear end a of the gripper, it is pushed forward and partly out of the sheath into the position shown in Fig. let. On such pressure being removed the grippers retreat into the position shown in Fig. 15 and close. Lateral lugson the points of the grippers prevent them passing too far into the sheath, as shown at a Fig. 16.

Each gripper oscillates about a pin a", deriving motion from a pinion a, secured-thereon,

and in addition to this rotary motion about the pivot a each gripper has a motion at right angles thereto, as illustrated in Figs. at and 5, from which it will be seen that the gripper a is carried at the end of a rod a, which slides in a slot in the end a of the pin 0 Pivoted in and projecting through an offset (t of the pin a is a link a, the bottom end of which is provided with a slot into which takes a pin on the rod a The angle which the link (0 makes with the pin a determines the distance of the gripper a from the pin a In the upper part (0 Fig. 2, of the bracket which carries the pin a is a helical or eccentric slot c0 as shown in plan in Fig. 7, in which the upper projecting end of the rod a,

Fig. 4, moves, so that according to the part of such slot in which the upper end of the rod a happens to be the angle of the rod a, and consequently the distance of the gripper a from the pin a, will vary: The said helical slot is so disposed that when the grippers are in the position shown in full lines in plan in Fig. 6 (that is, with their points facing away from the reed) they are at their extreme distance from the pins a and that when in the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 6 (that is, with their points toward the reed) they are as near as possible to the pins a and to each other.

The arrows in Figs. 2 and 6 indicate the direction in which the warp travels. The successive steps in the action of the gripping and cutting devices are as follows Premisin g that Fig. 2 represents the apparatus when the grippers have just left the cut ends, 13* and B of Fig. 1, the points of the claws cl rise, seize the uncut weft-thread last put in, B of Fig. 6, and draw it toward the grippers which normally lie between the selvages. Simultaneously with this movement the pins a rotate (the grippers meanwhile approaching nearer thereto) and are drawn backward, so that by the time the backward traverse of the claws (Z is completed the grippers have assumed the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6 and the back end of each gripper has come into contact with a fixed block f, Figs. 2 and 3, and are thereby pushed forward in their sheaths when they gape and are ready to receive the uncut weft-thread presented to them by the claws (I. They then lie on each side of the open scissors b, which are in. the center of the interval between the two sets of warp-threads. Next the grippers move forward toward the reed, and the moment they-leave the block f the points of the grippers close on the weftthread. The scissors then close and cut the short length of weft lying between the grippers. The latter then advance farther toward the reed and diverge from each other and carry the cut ends of weft to the right and to the left, entering the sheds from the sides thereof, and there the grippers leave the threads and finally assume their first position, as shown in full lines in-Fig. 6, when the cycle of operations recommences. The rectilinear traverse of the rod a Fig. 4;, through the end a of the pin a is purposely made greater than the length of the cut end to be turned in, so that at a certain point in its course the gripper may slip off the cut end and leave it between the warp-threads. D uring the foregoing operations the warp-threads have crossed by the treading of the loom and. a new shed has been formed, into which the. grippers enter and thus leave the cut ends in the next shed to that in which the weftthreads of which they form part lie. The cut ends lie in the same shed with the body portion of the next succeeding weft and are thus woven in and thoroughly incorporated into the cloth, so that they cannot easily be drawn- The mechanism for effecting the foregoing operations is illustrated in a side elevation in Fig. 2, in which 9 is a bracket carrying the whole apparatus and secured to the breastbeam of the loom. h is the main framework of the apparatus, which can slide longitudinally on the bracket g. A spiral spring h lies in a hollow formed in the bracket 9 and the main framework 77. and serves as a buffer, so that in the event of the reed accidentally striking the front of the apparatus the spring will yield and the apparatus will slide backward on the bracket 9. A set-screw 7L2 in a part of the framework 72. bears against a projection g of the bracket g, so that the position of the whole apparatus may be adjusted longitudinally on the bracket g.

All the movements are derived from the lever D, which oscillates about its fulcrum E, and which I prefer to actuate in the manner shown in Fig. 11 by means of a link jointed at one end to the slay-cap F of the loom and jointed at the other end to the lever D by means of a pin F adjustable in the slot F for the purpose of regulating the stroke of the lever D. The link F is in two parts connected by bolts passing through slots to facilitate the adjustment of its length. The motion of the apparatus may, however, be derived from any other convenient moving part of the loom. 7a is a pin at the end of a stud, which is adjustable in the slot The pin 7a works in a slot k in the link k hinged to a sliding bar 15*, which works in suitable guides and derives intermittent rectilinear motion from the lever D as'the pin 7; strikes the ends of the slot W. A cross-bar 10 forms a rigid connection between the sliding bar 7; and a sliding rod (1, which works in guidepieces 61 (2 At (1 the claws d are hinged for a purpose to be hereinafter described. The claws (Z being thus connected to the-slidin g rod (1 derive their intermittent longitudinal motion therefrom.

On a pin m, adjustable in the slot m in the lever D, is pivoted a link m which is hinged at to a rack m sliding in suitable guides. Gearing into the rack m is a pinion (inclicated by dotted lines at m and secured to a rocking shaft m, from which all the motions for working the grippers and the scissors are derived.

7?. is a carriage working on V-slides and caused to slide backward and forward on the main framework It by the oscillation of the crank n on the rocking shaft in. A link 12 connects the crank 11 to the carriage n. Secured to the carriage or is a plate 01 in which is pivoted the toothed wheels 91 and a gearing into each other. The toothed wheels n also gear into the rack 0, and as they travel along the rack they rotate and impart their rotary motion to the grippers a. The rack 0 also has a sliding motion quite independent of the carriage n. The rack 0 has a bent tailrod 0 carryinga roller 0 which is caused to bear against a cam 0 on the rocking shaft m by means of a spiral spring 0", bearing against a collar on the tail-rod 0 and a block on the main framework 72 The movements of the cam o impart the requisite reciprocating motion to the rack 0, which'is provided with a guide -plate 0, working between guidepieces 0 The cutting device 1) consists of a pair of scissors, the bottom member of which is fixed. The upper member acts as a bellcrank lever pivoted to the lower member at b and operated by a pin b working in a slot 6 The said pin b Figs. 17 and 18, may be either attached to the projection b secured to the under side of the rack, or the said pin may be formed integral therewith, as shown in 19, 20, and 21, of which Fi 20 is a plan, as seen from underneath the rack.

The movements of the rack and the carriage n are so timed that for a short distance at the beginning of the forward stroke they move simultaneously, and consequently the grippers are not rotated, but simply close on the weft-thread. A further slight forward motion of the rack 0 causes the scissors to close an d cut the thread. The forward movement. of the rack then ceases while the carriage continues to advance, carrying the,

toothed wheels n along the rack and operating the grippers in the manner already described. The carriage 11 next recedes and brings back the grippers to the position they occupied when the scissors closed. 7 From this point both the carriage n and the rack 0 recede together and the scissors are opened, and the backs of the grippers coming into contact with the block f the points of the grippers open, as before mentioned.

A lever (1 Fig. 2, (shown separatelyin Figs. 12 and 13,) is pivoted at d, and is provided with slots at the bottom end through which the claws (1' pass, so that when the upperhalf of the lever is drawn backward or forward the claws d (hinged at (1 will be raised or lowered. The object of raising the claws is to enable them to take up any slack there may be in the weft-threads and by varying the lift of the claws the length of the weft-thread they will draw in may be regulated within certain limits, and thus the length of the cut ends to be turned in may be determined irrespective of the distance apart of the warp-threads. For the purpose of actuating thelever d a dog-leg bolt 1), as shown separately in Fig. 12, is provided, to one end of which the upper half of the lever 61 is secured by a pin 13 A spiral spring 1) is mounted on the bolt 19 in such a manner that its resilience will always cause the bolt 1) to assume the position shown in Fig. 2 when the bolt 1) is not pushed forward. For regulating the position of the bolt 19 a bell-crank lever 11 is provided, having its fulcrum at p in a block in the plate 01 A spiral spring 19 tends continually to press upward the arm of the lever 19 At the other end of the bell-crank lever is a catch 19, which, during the forward motion of the carriage n, presses against the back end of the bolt 13 and pushes it forward. On the rocking shaft m is another cam 19 having a projection which at the proper moment presses on the leverp and overcoming the resistance of the spring 19 lifts the catch 13 clear of the bolt 1), which is then shot back by the action of the spiral spring 19. By setting the cam p on the rocking shaft on the lifting and the lowering of the claws can be arranged to take place just as required, and generally I may remark that the proper timing of the different motions must be effected by carefully setting the cams at suitable relative angles to each other. As is well understood, the traverse of the principal sliding parts can be readily regulated by means of the slots in the lever D, and the precise shapes and proportions of the different parts may be varied almost indefinitely to suit special cases.

In-lieu of the rack 0 and pinions n the grippers may be turned about their axes by other mechanical equivalents, such as links and bell-crank levers, as illustrated in Figs. 8 and 0. In these figures, n is a rod or plate attached to the carriage or or otherwise receiving a reciprocating motion to and from the slay and provided at its end nearest the slay with a cross-head of, in which are pivoted the grippers to be hereinafter described. To the upper ends of the gripper-pivots are fastened levers s, to the other ends of which are attached links 3, having their centers of oscillation at s in a fixed bracket 8 As the cross-head 17, and with it the grippers 0, advance toward the reed the restraining action of the links 8 causes the grippers to diverge to the right and left into the Warp-sheds ateither side.

Figs. 8, 9, and 10 further illustrate a modified form of gripper which (referring to Fig. 10) consists of a fixed part 1' and a hinged part r Normally the gripper is kept closed by the spiral spring r Vhen, however, the grippers are drawn back by the rod n, the lower part 0' comes against a fixed block 7;, which, bearing against the lower part of the hinged part 0' acts against the pull of the spring r and causes the gripper to open and to receive the weft brought up by the hook d.

The radius 15 from the the center of oscillation of the gripper to the point where the weft is held is greater than the length of the cut end of weft, so that on the divergence of the gripper it extends farther into the shed than the said cut .end will reach, and thus glides off the end and leaves it in the shed.

The means I have indicated for operating the grippers, claws, and cutting devices are only to be considered as an example of the method I prefer to use for weaving two pieces of calico side by side, and I do not in any way limit myself to the specific devices shown for carrying into practical effect the essential features of my invention.

Although I have hereinbefore referredto my invention in its application to the simultancous weaving of two pieces only, it is to be understoodthat its applicability is in .no

wise confined to this number of pieces, since by providing two or more intervals between the warp-threads and by using two or more sets of grippers and cutting appliances itis possible to weave three or more independent pieces simultaneously.

I claim as my invention device with fingers or grippers on either side thereof normally lying between the'selvages and means for imparting to the said fingers or device with fingers or grippers on either side thereof normally lying between the selvages, and means for imparting to the said fingers or grippers a lateral rotary and diverging motion to enter between the planes of the warp forming the open sheds from the sides thereof,'substantially as and for. the purposes set forth.

3. In an apparatus for weaving inner selvages, in a loom, the combination of fingers or grippers with hooks (Z for seizing the uncut weft-threadand delivering it to the fingers or grippers, a cutting device and means for actuating the said fingers, hooks and cutting device, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

at. In an apparatus for weaving inner selvages in a loom, the combination of scissors, and grippers, with a rack, slay and connections between the said rack and slay whereby the rack is actuated by the reciprocating action of the slay, a pinion deriving motion therefrom, a cam-shaft, cams, eccentrics orcranks and reciprocating parts driven therefrom for actuating the grippers and the scissors, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an apparatus for weaving inner sol-.-

vages in a loom, the combination of fingers or grippers normally between the selvages and means for imparting to the said fingers or grippers a lateral diverging motion to enter between the planes of the warp forming the open sheds, from the-sides thereof, with a pair of scissors, one blade of which is formed 1. In an apparatus for weaving inner sel-' vages in a loom, the combination of a cutting IKC 

